The One Pillar Pagoda, or “Chua Mot Cot,” as it is known in Vietnamese, stands as an iconic symbol of Hanoi’s rich history and culture. It’s a unique architectural feat that has been attracting pilgrims and visitors for over a thousand years. Nestled in the heart of Hanoi, near the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum complex, this petite pagoda provides a serene oasis amidst the city’s hustle and bustle.
The history of the One Pillar Pagoda dates back to the 11th century. It was built by Emperor Ly Thai Tong, who was childless and prayed for a son. Legend tells us that the emperor had a dream in which the bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara, the embodiment of compassion, handed him a baby boy while seated on a lotus flower. Shortly after, the queen gave birth to a boy. In gratitude, the emperor commissioned the construction of the pagoda, designed to resemble a lotus flower rising out of a single pillar in the center of a square lotus pond, reflecting the dream that he had.
The pagoda that stands today is a reconstruction, as the original was destroyed by the French colonialists before they withdrew from Vietnam. Despite this, the pagoda has been faithfully restored to its original design, preserving its distinctive charm. The structure is made of wood, set on a stone pillar, and is small enough to hold only a statue of Avalokiteshvara.
Surrounding the pagoda, the serene lotus pond offers a tranquil setting for quiet contemplation. The lotus flower is significant in Buddhism, symbolizing purity and enlightenment, and it’s a delightful sight when the lotuses bloom in the summer.
A small staircase leads up to the pagoda, where you can pay respects to the Buddha. Inside, the fragrance of incense permeates the air, and the tranquil atmosphere offers a welcome respite from the city’s energy. The tranquility of the pagoda and its surrounding gardens makes it a favorite spot for locals who come for prayer or to enjoy a peaceful break.
Near the pagoda, you’ll find a bodhi tree, a descendant of the sacred tree in Bodh Gaya, India, under which Buddha is said to have attained enlightenment. It was offered to President Ho Chi Minh by Rajendra Prasad, the President of India, in 1959, further enhancing the spiritual significance of the site.
Despite its size, the One Pillar Pagoda is steeped in history and religious significance. It’s considered one of Vietnam’s most iconic temples and has become a symbol of the city, depicted on coins and in popular culture.
Visiting the One Pillar Pagoda offers not just a journey into the country’s history and religious practices, but also a peaceful escape within the city. Whether you’re a spiritual seeker, a history enthusiast, or just a curious traveler, the One Pillar Pagoda provides a unique experience of Hanoi’s rich cultural and spiritual heritage. It’s a testament to Vietnam’s resilient past and a symbol of its thriving present, making it an essential destination on any Hanoi itinerary.